Ireyithi yeMfezeko yeZixhobo
Eyona nto isetyenziswayo kwezi zalathisi, kodwa igalelo layo kulawulo lilinganiselwe. Into ebizwa ngokuba yireyithi engaguqukiyo ibhekiselele kumlinganiselo wezixhobo ezingaguqukiyo kwinani lilonke lezixhobo ngexesha lokuhlolwa (umlinganiselo wesixhobo esingenakonakala=inani lezixhobo zokusebenza/inani lilonke lezixhobo). Iimpawu zeefektri ezininzi zinokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-95%. Isizathu silula kakhulu. Ngomzuzu wokuhlolwa, ukuba izixhobo zisebenza kwaye akukho ukungaphumeleli, kuthathwa njengento efanelekileyo, ngoko esi salathisi kulula ukufezekisa. Kungathetha ngokulula ukuba akukho ndawo ingako yokuphucula, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nto yokuphucula, oko kuthetha ukuba kunzima ukuphucula. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iinkampani ezininzi zicebisa ukuguqula inkcazo yesi salathisi, umzekelo, ukuphakamisa ukujonga kathathu kwi-8, i-18, kunye ne-28 yenyanga nganye, kwaye ithathe umyinge wezinga elichanekileyo njengezinga elichanekileyo le nyanga. Oku ngokuqinisekileyo kungcono kunokujonga kube kanye, kodwa isengumlinganiselo olungileyo oboniswe kumachaphaza. Kamva, kwacetywa ukuba iiyure zetheyibhile engatshintshiyo zithelekiswe neeyure zetheyibhile yekhalenda, kwaye iiyure zetheyibhile engaguqukiyo zilingana neeyure zetafile yekhalenda kuthatyathwe iiyure zetafile zizonke zeziphene kunye nokulungiswa. Esi salathisi sinokwenyani ngakumbi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho ukwanda komsebenzi weenkcukacha-manani kunye nokunyaniseka kweenkcukacha-manani, kunye nengxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nokuba kutsalwe na xa udibana nezikhululo zokukhusela. Ingaba isalathisi sezinga elipheleleyo sinokubonisa ngokufanelekileyo isimo solawulo lwezixhobo kuxhomekeke kwindlela esisetyenziswa ngayo.
Ukusilela kwireyithi yeZixhobo
Esi salathisi kulula ukubhideka, kwaye kukho iinkcazo ezimbini: 1. Ukuba i-frequency yokungaphumeleli, ngumlinganiselo wenani lokungaphumeleli ukuya ekuqaleni kwezixhobo zokusebenza (ukusilela ukuphindaphinda = inani lokuvalwa kokusilela / inani langempela lezixhobo zokuqalisa); 2. Ukuba lizinga lokungaphumeleli lokuvala, Ngumlinganiselo wexesha lokuphumla kwesiphoso ukuya ekuqaleni kwesixhobo kunye nexesha lokuphumla kwesiphoso (izinga lokunciphisa ixesha = ixesha lokuqalisa le mpazamo / (ixesha lokuqalisa lokwenyani lesixhobo + ixesha lexesha lokuphumla kwesiphoso)) Ngokucacileyo, izinga lokunciphisa ixesha lesiphoso linokuthelekisa imeko yesixhobo.
Ireyithi yokuFumana kweZixhobo
Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumazwe asentshona, kodwa kwilizwe lam, kukho ukungafani ezimbini phakathi kwezinga lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo (isantya sokusetyenziswa kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo = ixesha langempela lokusebenza / ixesha lokusebenza elicwangcisiweyo) kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa kwexesha lekhalenda (izinga lokusetyenziswa kwexesha lekhalenda = ixesha langempela lokusebenza / ixesha lekhalenda) ukuqulunqwa. Ukufumaneka njengoko kuchaziwe eNtshona kukusetyenziswa kwexesha lekhalenda ngokwenkcazo. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha lekhalenda kubonakalisa ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo, oko kukuthi, nokuba isixhobo sisebenza kwishifti enye, sibala ixesha lekhalenda kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ngenxa yokuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba umzi-mveliso usebenzisa esi sixhobo okanye awusebenzisi, uya kusebenzisa ii-asethi zeshishini ngendlela yokuhla kwexabiso. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo kubonisa ukusetyenziswa okucwangcisiweyo kwesixhobo. Ukuba iqhutywe kwinguqu enye, ixesha elicwangcisiweyo liyi-8 iiyure.
Ixesha elililo phakathi kweFailures (MTBF) yeZixhobo
Olunye uqulunqo lubizwa ngokuba yi-avareji yexesha lokusebenza elingenazinkathazo "isithuba esiphakathi phakathi kokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo = ixesha elipheleleyo lokusebenza okungenazinkathazo kwisiseko sexesha / inani lokungaphumeleli". Ukuncedisana nesantya sokunciphisa ixesha, kubonisa ukuphindaphinda kokusilela, oko kukuthi, impilo yezixhobo. Esinye sezibonakaliso ezimbini sanele, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa izikhombisi ezihambelanayo ukulinganisa umxholo. Esinye isalathisi esibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesondlo sithetha ixesha lokulungisa (MTTR) (umyinge wexesha lokulungisa = ixesha elipheleleyo elichithwe ekugcinweni kwisiseko sexesha / inani lokugcinwa), elilinganisa ukuphuculwa komsebenzi wokulondoloza. Ngokuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yezixhobo, ubunzima bayo, ubunzima bokugcinwa, indawo yesiphoso, umgangatho wobugcisa obuphakathi kwamagcisa olondolozo kunye nobudala bezixhobo, kunzima ukuba nexabiso eliqinisekileyo lexesha lokugcinwa, kodwa sinokulinganisa ubume bayo obuphakathi kunye nenkqubela phambili ngokusekelwe kule nto.
Ukusebenza kweSixhobo ngokubanzi (OEE)
Isalathisi esibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo ngokubanzi, i-OEE yimveliso yesantya sokusebenza kwexesha, izinga lokusebenza kunye nezinga lemveliso efanelekileyo. Njengomntu, izinga lokuvula ixesha limele izinga lokuhamba, izinga lokusebenzisa ukusebenza libonisa ukuba usebenze nzima emva kokuya emsebenzini, kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye isantya semveliso esifanelekileyo simele ukuphumelela komsebenzi, nokuba ngaba iimpazamo zenziwa rhoqo, kunye nokuba umsebenzi unokugqitywa ngomgangatho kunye nobuninzi. Ifomula elula ye-OEE kukusebenza kakuhle kwesixhobo OEE=imveliso yemveliso efanelekileyo/imveliso yethiyori yeeyure zokusebenza ezicwangcisiweyo.
IMveliso eFanelekileyo iyonke TEEP
Ifomula ebonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesixhobo asiyo-OEE. Iyonke iMveliso eFanelekileyo TEEP=imveliso efanelekileyo/isiphumo sethiyori sexesha lekhalenda, esi salathisi sibonisa iziphene zolawulo lwenkqubo yezixhobo, kubandakanywa iimpembelelo ezinyukayo nezisezantsi, iimpembelelo zemarike kunye nolungelelwaniso, umthamo wezixhobo ezingalungelelananga, ucwangciso olungekho ngqiqweni kunye nokucwangcisa, njl. Esi salathisi sisezantsi kakhulu, hayi inkangeleko entle, kodwa siyinyani kakhulu.
ULondolozo kunye noLawulo lweZixhobo
Kukwakho nezalathi ezinxulumeneyo. Njengomlinganiselo wexesha elilodwa elifanelekileyo lokulungiswa komgangatho, izinga lokulungisa kunye nexabiso leendleko zokugcina, njl.
1. Ireyithi yokupasa ngexesha elinye lomgangatho wohlengahlengiso ilinganiswa ngomlinganiselo wamaxesha amatyeli ezixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo zidibana nomgangatho wokufaneleka kwemveliso yomsebenzi wovavanyo olunye ukuya kwinani lolungiso. Ingaba i-factory ithatha esi salathisi njengesalathisi sokusebenza seqela lolondolozo sinokufundwa kwaye sixoxwe.
2. Izinga lokulungiswa ngumlinganiselo wenani elipheleleyo lokulungiswa emva kokulungiswa kwezixhobo ukuya kwinani elipheleleyo lokulungiswa. Lo ngumboniso wokwenene womgangatho wogcino.
3. Zininzi iinkcazelo kunye ne-algorithms yomlinganiselo weendleko zokulondolozwa, enye ngumlinganiselo weendleko zokugcina ngonyaka ukuya kwixabiso lemveliso yonyaka, enye ngumlinganiselo weendleko zokugcina ngonyaka ukuya kwixabiso lilonke lexabiso le-asethi yonyaka, kwaye enye ngumlinganiselo weendleko zolondolozo zonyaka ukuya kwii-asethi zizonke ngonyaka. Ndicinga ukuba i-algorithm yokugqibela inokuthenjwa ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani bexabiso leendleko zolondolozo abunakuchaza ingxaki. Ngenxa yokuba ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kuyigalelo, elidala ixabiso kunye nemveliso. Utyalo-mali olunganelanga kunye nelahleko yemveliso ebonakalayo iya kuchaphazela imveliso. Ngokuqinisekileyo, utyalo-mali oluninzi alufanelekanga. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-overmaintenance, eyinkcitho. Igalelo elifanelekileyo lifanelekile. Ke ngoko, umzi-mveliso kufuneka uhlolisise kwaye ufunde umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wotyalo-mali. Iindleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa zithetha ii-odolo ezininzi kunye nemisebenzi emininzi, kwaye umthwalo kwisixhobo uyanda, kwaye imfuno yokugcina iyanda. Ukutyala imali ngomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo lusukelo olufanele umzi-mveliso uzabalazele ukulusukela. Ukuba unalo isiseko, okukhona uyatenxa kule metric, kokukhona ilunge ngakumbi.
ULawulo lweziXhobo eziSpare
Kukwakho nezalathisi ezininzi, kunye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-inventri ye-spare parts (ireyithi yokutshintsha kwe-inventri ye-spare parts = ukusetyenziswa kwenyanga kweendleko zamalungu asetyenzisiweyo / i-avareji yenyanga yoluhlu lwee-spare parts inventory funds) luphawu olubonisa ngakumbi. Ibonisa ukushukuma kweendawo ezisecaleni. Ukuba isixa esikhulu seemali ze-inventri zisemva, oko kuya kubonakala kwireyithi yenguqu. Okukwabonisa ulawulo lwamalungu asetyenzisiweyo ngumlinganiselo wengxowa-mali yamacandelo angasese, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wazo zonke iingxowa-mali zamacandelo kwixabiso eliyitotali lesixhobo seshishini. Ixabiso le xabiso liyahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni i-factory ikwidolophu ephakathi, nokuba ngaba izixhobo zingeniswa ngaphandle, kunye nefuthe lexesha lokunciphisa izixhobo. Ukuba ilahleko yemihla ngemihla yezixhobo zokusebenza iphezulu ukuya kumashumi ezigidi zeeyuan, okanye ukungaphumeleli kubangela ukungcoliseka okunzulu kokusingqongileyo kunye neengozi zokhuseleko lomntu, kwaye umjikelo wokubonelela ngezinto ezisecaleni zide, uluhlu lwezinto ezisecaleni luya kuba phezulu. Ngaphandle koko, ireyithi yenkxaso-mali yeendawo ezisecaleni kufuneka ibe phezulu kangangoko. nciphisa. Kukho isalathisi esingaqatshelwanga ngabantu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ukugcinwa kwexesha langoku, oko kukuthi, ukuqina kwexesha lokuqeqesha ukugcinwa (ixesha loqeqesho lokugcinwa kwesigxina = iiyure zokuqeqesha / ukugcinwa kweeyure zomntu). Uqeqesho lubandakanya ulwazi lobuchwephesha lolwakhiwo lwezixhobo, iteknoloji yogcino, ubungcali kunye nolawulo lolondolozo njl. Esi salathi-nkqubela sibonakalisa ukubaluleka kunye nokuqina kotyalo-mali lwamashishini ekuphuculeni umgangatho wabasebenzi bolondolozo, kwaye kwakhona sibonisa ngokungangqalanga inqanaba logcino lwezakhono zobugcisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-17-2023