Abandisi bangasebenzisa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuqhuba oomatshini abajikelezayo. Ulwazi malunga nokuvavanya izibonelelo ezinokubakho zokufakela i-extender inokufumaneka apha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kushishino lwenkqubo yeekhemikhali (CPI), "umthamo omkhulu wamandla uchithwa kwiivalvu zokulawula uxinzelelo apho ulwelo oluphezulu kufuneka lucinezele" [1]. Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho, kunokuba lunqweneleka ukuguqula la mandla kumandla omatshini ajikelezayo, angasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iijeneretha okanye abanye oomatshini abajikelezayo. Kumanzi angabonakaliyo (i-liquids), oku kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa i-hydraulic energy recovery turbine (HPRT; jonga i-reference 1). Kwi-compressible liquids (iigesi), i-expander ngumatshini ofanelekileyo.
Izandisi zibuchwephesha obuvuthiweyo obunezicelo ezininzi eziyimpumelelo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-fluid catalytic (FCC), ifriji, iivalvu zedolophu yegesi yendalo, ukwahlukana komoya okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-exhaust. Ngokomgaqo, nayiphi na igesi enoxinzelelo oluncitshisiweyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-expander, kodwa "imveliso yamandla ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwegesi" [2], kunye nokwenzeka kobugcisa kunye noqoqosho. Ukuphunyezwa kwe-Expander: Inkqubo ixhomekeke kwezi kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana namaxabiso ombane wendawo kunye nokufumaneka komenzi wezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.
Nangona i-turboexpander (isebenza ngokufana ne-turbine) yintlobo eyaziwayo kakhulu ye-expander (Umfanekiso 1), kukho ezinye iindidi ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko zenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Eli nqaku lizisa iintlobo eziphambili zezandisi kunye namacandelo abo kwaye lishwankathela indlela abaphathi bemisebenzi, abacebisi okanye abaphicothi-zincwadi bamandla kumacandelo ahlukeneyo e-CPI banokuvavanya inzuzo enokubakho yezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo yokufaka i-expander.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhendi zokuxhathisa ezihluka kakhulu kwijometri kunye nomsebenzi. Iindidi eziphambili ziboniswa kuMfanekiso 2, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye luchazwe ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, kunye neegrafu ezithelekisa ubume bokusebenza bohlobo ngalunye ngokusekelwe kwiidayamitha ezithile kunye nezantya ezithile, bona Uncedo. 3.
Piston turboexpander. I-piston kunye ne-rotary piston turboexpanders zisebenza njenge-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi ejikelezayo, efunxa igesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye iguqule amandla ayo agciniweyo kumandla ajikelezayo nge-crankshaft.
Tsala isandisi se-turbo. Isandisi seinjini yebrake sinegumbi lokuhamba elibukhali elinamaphiko eemele ancanyatheliswe kumda wesixhobo esijikelezayo. Ziyilwe ngendlela efanayo namavili amanzi, kodwa i-cross-section of the concentric chambers inyuka ukusuka kwi-inlet ukuya kwi-outlet, ivumela igesi ukuba yandise.
I-radial turboexpander. I-radial flow turboexpanders ine-axial inlet kunye ne-radial outlet, evumela igesi ukuba yande ngokusasazeka nge-impeller ye-injini. Ngokufanayo, ii-axial flow turbines ziyayandisa irhasi ngevili leinjini yomoya, kodwa icala lokuhamba lihlala linxusene ne-axis yokujikeleza.
Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-radial kunye ne-axial turboexpanders, ukuxoxa ngee-subtypes zabo ezahlukeneyo, amacandelo, kunye nezoqoqosho.
I-turboexpander ikhupha amandla ukusuka kwi-high-pressure gas stream kwaye iguqule ibe ngumthwalo wokuqhuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo umthwalo yicompressor okanye i-generator exhunywe kwi-shaft. I-turboexpander enecompressor icinezela ulwelo kwezinye iindawo zenkqubo yomsinga efuna ulwelo oluxiniweyo, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesityalo ngokusebenzisa amandla athe achithwa ngenye indlela. I-turboexpander enomthwalo wejeneretha iguqula amandla abe ngumbane, ongasetyenziselwa kwezinye iinkqubo zezityalo okanye ubuyiselwe kwigridi yendawo yokuthengisa.
Iijenereyitha zeTurboexpander zinokuxhotyiswa nokuba yi-shaft yokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwivili lomoya ukuya kwijenereyitha, okanye ngebhokisi yegiya eyehlisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya segalelo ukusuka kwivili lomoya ukuya kwijenereyitha ngomlinganiselo wegiya. I-Direct drive turboexpanders ibonelela ngeenzuzo ekusebenzeni kakuhle, unyawo kunye neendleko zokugcina. I-Gearbox turboexpanders inzima kwaye ifuna indawo enkulu, izixhobo ezincedisayo zokuthambisa, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo.
I-flow-through turboexpanders inokwenziwa ngendlela yee-radial okanye ii-axial turbines. Izandisi zokuqukuqela kwe-radial ziqulathe i-axial inlet kunye ne-radial outlet kangangokuba ukuhamba kwerhasi kuphuma kwi-injini yomoya ngokusasazeka ukusuka kwi-axial yokujikeleza. Iiinjini ze-axial zivumela irhasi ukuba ihambe nge-axial ecaleni kwe-axis yokujikeleza. Ii-axial flow turbines zikhupha amandla ekuqukunjelweni kwerhasi ngokusebenzisa i-vanes yesikhokelo sokungena kwivili elikhulisayo, kunye nommandla onqamlezayo wegumbi lokwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukhula ukugcina isantya esingaguqukiyo.
Ijenereyitha ye-turboexpander ibandakanya amacandelo amathathu aphambili: ivili lomoya, iibheringi ezikhethekileyo kunye nejenereyitha.
Ivili lomoya. Amavili e-turbine ahlala eyilelwe ngokukodwa ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-aerodynamic. Izinto eziguquguqukayo zesicelo ezichaphazela uyilo lwevili le-injini ye-injini zibandakanya uxinzelelo lokungena / lokuphuma, ubushushu bokungena / ukuphuma, ukuhamba kwevolumu, kunye neempawu zolwelo. Xa umlinganiselo woxinzelelo uphezulu kakhulu ukuba ungacuthwa kwinqanaba elinye, i-turboexpander enamavili e-injini yomoya amaninzi iyafuneka. Omabini amavili e-radial kunye ne-axial turbine anokuyilwa njengamanqanaba amaninzi, kodwa amavili e-axial turbine anobude obufutshane kakhulu be-axial kwaye ke axinene ngakumbi. Iiinjini zokuqukuqela zeradial multistage zifuna ukuba irhasi impompoze ukusuka kwi-axial ukuya kwi-radial kwaye ibuyele kwi-axial, idala ilahleko ephezulu yokukhuhla kunee-axial flow turbines.
iibheringi. Uyilo lokuthwala lubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kwe-turboexpander. Ukuthwala iintlobo ezinxulumene noyilo lwe-turboexpander ziyahluka ngokubanzi kwaye zinokubandakanya iibheringi zeoyile, iibheringi zefilimu elulwelo, iibheringi zebhola zesintu, kunye neebheringi zemagnethi. Indlela nganye ineengenelo kunye nezingeloncedo zayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiThebhile 1.
Uninzi lwabavelisi be-turboexpander bakhetha iibheringi zemagneti "njengokuthwala kwabo ukhetho" ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo ezizodwa. Iibheringi zemagneti ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungekho kungqubuzana kwamacandelo aguqukayo e-turboexpander, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko kubomi bomatshini. Zikwayilelwe ukumelana noluhlu olubanzi lwemithwalo ye-axial kunye ne-radial kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo. Iindleko zabo zokuqala eziphezulu zihlawulelwa ngeendleko eziphantsi kakhulu zomjikelo wobomi.
dynamo. Ijenereyitha ithatha amandla ajikelezayo einjini yomoya ize iwaguqule abe ngamandla ombane aluncedo kusetyenziswa i-electromagnetic generator (enokuba yi-induction generator okanye igenerator yemagnethi esisigxina). Iijenereyitha zokungeniswa zinesantya esisezantsi esilinganiselweyo, ke ngoko usetyenziso lwe-injini yesantya esiphezulu lufuna ibhokisi yegiya, kodwa lunokuyilwa ukuze luhambelane nefrikhwensi yegridi, kupheliswe imfuneko yedrive frequency drive (VFD) ukubonelela ngombane owenziweyo. Iijenereyitha zemagnethi ezisisigxina, kwelinye icala, zinokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-injini yomoya kwaye zigqithise amandla kwigridi ngokuqhutywa kwamaza okutshintshatshintsha. Ijeneretha yenzelwe ukuhambisa amandla aphezulu ngokusekelwe kumandla we-shaft akhoyo kwinkqubo.
Amatywina. Isitywina sikwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo xa kuyilwa inkqubo ye-turboexpander. Ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo, iinkqubo kufuneka zitywinwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kwegesi enokwenzeka. I-Turboexpanders inokuxhotyiswa ngamatywina aguqukayo okanye amileyo. Amatywina anamandla, anje ngetywina lelebhu kunye negesi eyomileyo yokutywina, ibonelela ngokutywinwa kwishafti ejikelezayo, phakathi kwevili leinjini yomoya, iibheringi kunye nawo wonke umatshini apho ikhoyo ijenereyitha. Amatywina anamandla ayaphelelwa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye afuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba asebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Xa onke amacandelo e-turboexpander equlethwe kwindlu enye, amatywina angatshintshiyo angasetyenziselwa ukukhusela naziphi na iinkokeli eziphuma kwindlu, kubandakanywa nejenereyitha, ii-magnetic bearing drives, okanye izinzwa. Ezi zitywina ezingenamoya zibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisigxina malunga nokuvuza kwegesi kwaye akukho mfuneko yokugcinwa okanye ukulungiswa.
Ukusuka kwindlela yokujonga inkqubo, imfuno ephambili yokufakela i-expander kukubonelela nge-high-pressure compressible (non-condensable) igesi kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nokuhamba okwaneleyo, ukuhla kwengcinezelo kunye nokusetyenziswa ukugcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Iiparamitha zokusebenza zigcinwa kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo nelisebenzayo.
Ngokubhekiselele kumsebenzi wokunciphisa uxinzelelo, i-expander ingasetyenziselwa ukutshintsha i-valve ye-Joule-Thomson (JT), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-valve ye-throttle. Ekubeni i-valve ye-JT ihamba ngendlela ye-isentropic kwaye i-expander ihamba ngendlela ephantse ibe yi-isentropic, le yokugqibela inciphisa i-enthalpy yegesi kwaye iguqule umahluko we-enthalpy ibe yi-shaft amandla, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa ubushushu obuphantsi be-outlet kune-valve ye-JT. Oku luncedo kwiinkqubo ze-cryogenic apho injongo kukunciphisa ukushisa kwegesi.
Ukuba kukho umda ophantsi kwiqondo lokushisa kwegesi yokuphuma (umzekelo, kwisikhululo sokunciphisa apho ubushushu begesi kufuneka bugcinwe ngaphezu kweqhwa, i-hydration, okanye iqondo lokushisa elincinci lokuyila), ubuncinane kufuneka bongezwe enye i-heater. lawula ubushushu begesi. Xa i-preheater ibekwe phezulu kwi-expander, amanye amandla avela kwigesi yokutya ayafunyanwa kwakhona kwi-expander, ngaloo ndlela inyusa amandla ayo. Kolunye ulungelelwaniso apho kufuneka ulawulo lobushushu obuphumayo, i-reheater yesibini inokufakwa emva kokuba i-expander inikeze ulawulo olukhawulezayo.
KuMzobo 3 ubonisa umzobo owenziwe lula wedayagram yokuhamba ngokubanzi yejenereyitha yokwandisa kunye ne-preheater esetyenziselwa ukutshintsha ivalve ye-JT.
Kolunye ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo, amandla afunyenwe kwi-expander anokudluliselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwicompressor. Aba matshini, maxa wambi ababizwa ngokuba “ngabaqondisi”, badla ngokuba namanqanaba okwandisa kunye nokucinezelwa adityaniswe yishafti enye okanye ngaphezulu, ezinokuquka nebhokisi yegiya yokulawula umahluko wesantya phakathi kwezi zigaba zimbini. Inokubandakanya i-motor eyongezelelweyo ukunika amandla amaninzi kwinqanaba loxinzelelo.
Ngezantsi ngamanye amacandelo abaluleke kakhulu aqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.
Ivalve ye-Bypass okanye ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ivalve ye-bypass ivumela ukusebenza ukuba kuqhubeke xa i-turboexpander ingasebenzi (umzekelo, ukugcinwa okanye imeko engxamisekileyo), ngelixa i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo isetyenziselwa ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukubonelela ngegesi engaphezulu xa ukuhamba okupheleleyo kudlula umthamo woyilo wokwandisa.
Ivalve yokuvala i-Emergency (ESD). Iivalvu ze-ESD zisetyenziselwa ukuvala ukuhamba kwegesi kwi-expander ngexesha likaxakeka ukuphepha umonakalo owenziwe ngoomatshini.
Izixhobo kunye nolawulo. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zokubeka iliso ziquka uxinzelelo lokungena kunye nokuphuma, izinga lokuhamba, isantya sokujikeleza, kunye nokukhutshwa kwamandla.
Ukuqhuba ngesantya esigqithisileyo. Isixhobo sinqamla ukuhamba okuya kwi-injini yomoya, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-rotor ye-injini icothe, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela izixhobo kwizantya ezigqithisileyo ngenxa yeemeko zenkqubo ezingalindelekanga ezinokonakalisa isixhobo.
IValve yoKhuseleko loxinzelelo (PSV). Ii-PSV zihlala zifakwe emva kwe-turboexpander ukukhusela imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphantsi. I-PSV kufuneka iyilelwe ukumelana nezona ziganeko zinzima, ezibandakanya ukusilela ukuvula ivalve yokudlula. Ukuba i-expander yongezwa kwisikhululo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo olukhoyo, iqela loyilo lwenkqubo kufuneka linqume ukuba i-PSV ekhoyo inika ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo.
Isifudumezi. Izifudumezi zihlawulela ukuhla kobushushu okubangelwa yirhasi edlula kwi-injini yomoya, ngoko ke irhasi kufuneka ifudunyezwe. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukunyusa izinga lokushisa lokunyuka kwerhasi ukugcina ukushisa kwegesi kushiya i-expander ngaphezu kwexabiso elincinci. Olunye uncedo lokunyusa iqondo lobushushu kukunyusa amandla aphumayo kunye nokuthintela ukubola, ukujiya, okanye ukushumeka kwamanzi anokuthi achaphazele kakubi imilomo yezixhobo. Kwiinkqubo eziqulethe i-heat exchangers (njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3), ukushisa kwegesi ngokuqhelekileyo kulawulwa ngokulawula ukuhamba kolwelo olushushu kwi-preheater. Kwezinye iiplani, i-heater yelangatye okanye i-heater yombane inokusetyenziswa endaweni yokutshintsha ubushushu. Izifudumezi zinokuba sele zikhona kwisikhululo sevalve ekhoyo ye-JT, kwaye ukongeza i-expander akufuneki ukuba kufakwe izifudumezi ezongezelelweyo, kodwa kunokonyusa ukuhamba kwamanzi ashushu.
Iinkqubo zokuthambisa ioyile kunye negesi yotywino. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, izandisi zinokusebenzisa uyilo olwahlukileyo lokutywina, olunokufuna i-lubricant kunye neegesi zokutywina. Apho kufanelekileyo, ioli yokuthambisa kufuneka igcine umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokucoceka xa udibana neegesi zenkqubo, kwaye inqanaba le-viscosity yeoli kufuneka lihlale ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza efunekayo yeebheringi ezigcobileyo. Iinkqubo zegesi ezitywiniweyo zihlala zixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokuthambisa i-oyile ukukhusela ioli ukusuka kwibhokisi yokuthwala ukuba ingangeni kwibhokisi yokwandisa. Ukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo kweekhampasi ezisetyenziswe kwishishini le-hydrocarbon, i-oyile ye-oyile kunye ne-seal gas ye-seal ye-seal yenzelwe ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-API 617 [5] iCandelo le-4.
I-variable frequency drive (VFD). Xa ijenereyitha isenziwa, iVFD idla ngokuvulwa ukuze ilungelelanise isiginali etshintshayo yangoku (AC) ukuze ihambelane nosetyenziso olusebenzayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, uyilo olusekwe kwiidrive eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo zinokusebenza okuphezulu kukonke kunoyilo olusebenzisa iibhokisi zegiya okanye ezinye izinto zoomatshini. Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-VFD nazo zinokuthatha uluhlu olubanzi lweenguqu zenkqubo ezinokubangela utshintsho kwisantya se-expander shaft.
Ugqithiso. Olunye uyilo lwe-expander lisebenzisa ibhokisi yegiya ukunciphisa isantya se-expander ukuya kwisantya esilinganiselweyo sejenereyitha. Iindleko zokusebenzisa i-gearbox zisezantsi ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ngenxa yoko amandla aphantsi aphumayo.
Xa ulungiselela isicelo sekowuteshini (RFQ) sokwandisa, injineli yenkqubo kufuneka iqale imisele iimeko zokusebenza, kubandakanywa nolwazi olulandelayo:
Iinjineli zoomatshini zihlala zigqibezela iinkcukacha zejenereyitha yokwandisa kunye neenkcukacha zisebenzisa idatha evela kwamanye amacandelo obunjineli. La magalelo anokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
Ingcaciso kufuneka kwakhona ibandakanye uluhlu lwamaxwebhu kunye nemizobo ebonelelwe ngumenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo yethenda kunye nobubanzi bokubonelela, kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo ezisebenzayo njengoko kufunwa yiprojekthi.
Ulwazi lobuchwephesha olunikezelwe ngumenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo yethenda kufuneka ngokubanzi lubandakanye ezi zinto zilandelayo:
Ukuba nawuphi na umba wesindululo uyahluka kwiinkcukacha zantlandlolo, umenzi kufuneka kwakhona anike uluhlu lokutenxa kunye nezizathu zokutenxa.
Sakuba sifunyenwe isindululo, iqela lophuhliso lweprojekthi kufuneka liphonononge isicelo sokuthotyelwa kwaye ligqibe ukuba ngaba ukungafani kuyathetheleleka ngokobugcisa.
Eminye imiba yobugcisa ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuvavanywa izindululo ibandakanya:
Ekugqibeleni, uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho kufuneka lwenziwe. Ngenxa yokuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha zinokubangela iindleko zokuqala ezahlukeneyo, kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe ucazululo lweendleko zomjikelo wekheshi okanye umjikelo wobomi ukuthelekisa uqoqosho lwexesha elide lweprojekthi kunye nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali. Umzekelo, utyalo-mali lokuqala oluphezulu lunokulungiswa kwixesha elide ngokunyuka kwemveliso okanye ukuncitshiswa kweemfuno zogcino. Jonga "IiReferensi" ngemiyalelo yolu hlobo lohlalutyo. 4.
Zonke izicelo ze-turboexpander-generator zifuna ukubalwa kwamandla anokubakho okuqala ukumisela isixa esipheleleyo samandla akhoyo anokubuyiselwa kwisicelo esithile. Kwijeneretha ye-turboexpander, amandla ombane abalwa njenge-isentropic (i-entropy eqhubekayo). Le yimeko efanelekileyo ye-thermodynamic yokuqwalasela inkqubo ye-adiabatic eguqulwayo ngaphandle kokukhuhlana, kodwa yinkqubo echanekileyo yokuqikelela amandla okwenene.
Amandla e-Isentropic anokubakho (IPP) abalwa ngokuphindaphinda umahluko othile we-enthalpy kwindawo yokungena kunye nokuphuma kwe-turboexpander kunye nokuphindaphinda umphumo ngesantya sokuhamba kobunzima. La mandla anokubakho aya kubonakaliswa njengesixa se-isentropic (Equation (1)):
IPP = ( hinlet – h(i,e)) × ṁ x ŋ (1)
apho u-h(i,e) yi-enthalpy ethile ethathela ingqalelo iqondo lobushushu le-isetropic kunye ṁ ngumlinganiselo wokuqukuqela kobunzima.
Nangona amandla e-isentropic anokusetyenziswa ukuqikelela amandla anokubakho, zonke iinkqubo zokwenyani zibandakanya ukukhuhlana, ubushushu, kunye nolunye ulahleko lwamandla ancedisayo. Ngoko ke, xa kubalwa amandla okwenene anokubakho, le datha ilandelayo ilandelayo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo:
Kuninzi lwezicelo ze-turboexpander, ubushushu bukhawulelwe kubuncinci ukunqanda iingxaki ezingafunekiyo ezifana nokukhenkceza kombhobho okhankanywe ngaphambili. Apho irhasi yendalo ihamba khona, iihydrates zisoloko zikho, okuthetha ukuba umbhobho osezantsi kwe-turboexpander okanye ivalve ye-throttle uya kukhenkceza ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuba iqondo lobushushu lokuphuma liyehla ngaphantsi kwe-0°C. Ukubunjwa komkhenkce kunokubangela uthintelo lokuhamba kwaye ekugqibeleni kuvalwe inkqubo ukuze ithobeke. Ke, iqondo lobushushu "elinqwenelwayo" lisetyenziselwa ukubala imeko yamandla enokwenzeka ngakumbi. Noko ke, kwiigesi ezinjengehydrogen, umlinganiselo wobushushu ungaphantsi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba ihydrogen ayitshintshi ukusuka kwirhasi ukuya kulwelo de ifikelele kubushushu becryogenic (-253°C). Sebenzisa lo bushushu obufunwayo ukubala i-enthalpy ethile.
Ukuphumelela kwenkqubo ye-turboexpander kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwitekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunokwahluka kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, i-turboexpander esebenzisa i-gear yokunciphisa ukuhambisa amandla ajikelezayo ukusuka kwi-turbine ukuya kwi-generator iya kuba nelahleko enkulu ye-friction kunenkqubo esebenzisa i-drive ngqo ukusuka kwi-turbine ukuya kwi-generator. Ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo ye-turboexpander kuchazwa njengepesenti kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kuhlolwa amandla okwenene e-turboexpander. Awona mandla ombane (PP) abalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
PP = (hinlet – hexit) × ṁ x ṅ (2)
Makhe sijonge ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo lwegesi yendalo. I-ABC isebenza kwaye igcine isikhululo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo esithutha irhasi yendalo ukusuka kumbhobho ongundoqo kwaye iyisasaze koomasipala bengingqi. Kwesi sikhululo, uxinzelelo lwegesi lwegesi luyi-40 bar kunye noxinzelelo lokuphuma luyi-8 bar. Iqondo lobushushu lerhasi elifakwe ngaphambili lingama-35°C, elifudumeza irhasi kwangaphambili ukuthintela ukukhenkceza kwemibhobho. Ngoko ke, ubushushu begesi yokuphuma kufuneka ilawulwe ukuze bungaweli ngaphantsi kwe-0°C. Kulo mzekelo siza kusebenzisa i-5 ° C njengobuncinane beqondo lokushisa lokunyusa ukunyusa ukhuseleko. Umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo wokuhamba kwerhasi yomthamo ngama-50,000 Nm3/h. Ukubala amandla ombane, siya kucinga ukuba yonke igesi ihamba nge-expander ye-turbo kwaye ibale ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla. Qikelela isiphumo samandla ewonke usebenzisa olu balo lulandelayo:
Ixesha lokuposa: May-25-2024