I-HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Ii-expanders zingasebenzisa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuqhuba oomatshini abajikelezayo. Ulwazi malunga nendlela yokuvavanya iingenelo ezinokubakho zokufaka i-extender lunokufumaneka apha.
Ngokwesiqhelo kushishino lweenkqubo zeekhemikhali (CPI), "ubuninzi bamandla buyachithwa kwiivalvu zokulawula uxinzelelo apho ulwelo oluphezulu kufuneka luncitshiswe" [1]. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa nezoqoqosho, kunokuba yinto enqwenelekayo ukuguqula la mandla abe ngamandla oomatshini ajikelezayo, anokusetyenziswa ukuqhuba iijenereyitha okanye ezinye iimatshini ezijikelezayo. Kwiilwelo ezingacinezelekiyo (ulwelo), oku kufezekiswa kusetyenziswa i-hydraulic energy recovery turbine (HPRT; jonga isalathiso 1). Kwiilwelo ezicinezelekayo (iigesi), i-expander ngumatshini ofanelekileyo.
Ii-Expanders ziteknoloji evuthiweyo enezicelo ezininzi eziphumelelayo ezifana ne-fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), i-friji, ii-valve zesixeko segesi yendalo, ukwahlulwa komoya okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-exhaust. Ngokomgaqo, nawuphi na umsinga wegesi onoxinzelelo oluphantsi ungasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-expander, kodwa "ukuphuma kwamandla kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nesantya sokuhamba komsinga wegesi" [2], kunye nokwenzeka kobugcisa kunye noqoqosho. Ukuphunyezwa kwe-Expander: Inkqubo ixhomekeke kwezi zinto kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana namaxabiso amandla asekuhlaleni kunye nokufumaneka kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zomenzi.
Nangona i-turboexpander (esebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-turbine) yeyona ndlela yokwandisa eyaziwa kakhulu (Umfanekiso 1), kukho ezinye iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo. Eli nqaku lizisa iintlobo eziphambili ze-expanders kunye namacandelo azo kwaye lishwankathela indlela abaphathi bemisebenzi, abacebisi okanye abahloli bamandla kumacandelo ahlukeneyo e-CPI abanokuvavanya ngayo iingenelo zoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo zokufaka i-expander.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeebhendi zokumelana ezahluka kakhulu kwijiyometri nakwimisebenzi. Iintlobo eziphambili ziboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye luchazwe ngokufutshane ngezantsi. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya, kunye neegrafu ezithelekisa imeko yokusebenza yohlobo ngalunye ngokusekelwe kwiidayamitha ezithile kunye nesantya esithile, jonga uNcedo. 3.
I-turboexpander yepiston. Ii-piston kunye nee-rotary piston turboexpanders zisebenza njengenjini yokutsha yangaphakathi ejikelezayo, ifunxa igesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye iguqula amandla ayo agciniweyo abe ngamandla ajikelezayo nge-crankshaft.
Tsala i-turbo expander. I-brake turbine expander inegumbi lokuhamba elinomgca ojikelezayo kunye namaphiko ebhakethi anamathele kumda wento ejikelezayo. Zenziwe ngendlela efanayo namavili amanzi, kodwa icandelo elinqamlezileyo legumbi elinomgca ojikelezayo liyakhula ukusuka ekungeneni ukuya ekuphumeni, okuvumela igesi ukuba yande.
I-Radial turboexpander. Ii-radial flow turboexpanders zine-axial inlet kunye ne-radial outlet, evumela igesi ukuba yande nge-radially nge-turbine impeller. Ngokufanayo, ii-axial flow turbines zandisa igesi ngevili le-turbine, kodwa icala lokuhamba lihlala lihambelana ne-axis yokujikeleza.
Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-radial kunye ne-axial turboexpanders, lixoxa ngeentlobo zazo ezahlukeneyo, izinto eziyinxalenye yazo, kunye noqoqosho.
I-turboexpander ikhupha amandla kumsinga wegesi oxinezelekileyo kwaye iwuguqule ube ngumthwalo wokuqhuba. Ngokwesiqhelo umthwalo yi-compressor okanye i-generator eqhagamshelwe kwi-shaft. I-turboexpander ene-compressor icinezela ulwelo kwezinye iindawo zomsinga wenkqubo ezifuna ulwelo oluxinezelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela yonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesityalo ngokusebenzisa amandla angasetyenziswayo. I-turboexpander enomthwalo wejenereyitha iguqula amandla abe ngumbane, anokusetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo zesityalo okanye abuyiselwe kwigridi yendawo ukuze athengiswe.
Iijenereyitha zeTurboexpander zinokuxhotyiswa nge-shaft yokuqhuba ngqo ukusuka kwivili leturbine ukuya kwijenereyitha, okanye ngebhokisi yegiya enciphisa ngempumelelo isantya sokufaka ukusuka kwivili leturbine ukuya kwijenereyitha ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo wegiya. Ii-turboexpanders zokuqhuba ngqo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ekusebenzeni kakuhle, iindleko zonyawo kunye nokugcinwa. Ii-turboexpanders zeGearbox zinzima kwaye zifuna indawo enkulu, izixhobo ezincedisayo zokuthambisa, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo.
Ii-turboexpanders ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu zinokwenziwa ngohlobo lwee-radial okanye ii-axial turbines. Ii-radial flow expanders ziqulathe i-axial inlet kunye ne-radial outlet ukuze i-gas flow iphume kwi-turbine ngesantya esiphezulu kwi-axis of rotation. Ii-axial turbines zivumela i-gas ukuba ihambe ngesantya esiphezulu kwi-axis of rotation. Ii-axial flow turbines zikhupha amandla kwi-gas flow ngee-inlet guide vanes ukuya kwi-expander wheel, kunye nendawo enqamlezileyo yegumbi lokwandisa inyuka kancinci kancinci ukuze kugcinwe isantya esingaguqukiyo.
Ijenereyitha ye-turboexpander ineenxalenye ezintathu eziphambili: ivili le-turbine, iibheringi ezikhethekileyo kunye nejenereyitha.
Ivili leTurbine. Amavili eTurbine adla ngokuyilwa ngokukodwa ukuze aphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-aerodynamic. Iinguqu zesicelo ezichaphazela uyilo lwevili leTurbine ziquka uxinzelelo lokungena/lokuphuma, ubushushu bokungena/lokuphuma, ukuhamba komthamo, kunye neempawu zolwelo. Xa umlinganiselo woxinzelelo uphezulu kakhulu ukuba ungancitshiswa kwinqanaba elinye, kufuneka i-turboexpander enamavili eTurbine amaninzi. Zombini amavili eTurbine e-radial kunye ne-axial anokuyilwa njengalawo anezigaba ezininzi, kodwa amavili eTurbine e-axial anobude obufutshane kakhulu be-axial kwaye ke ngoko aqinile ngakumbi. IiTurbine ze-radial flow ezininzi zifuna igesi ukuba ihambe ukusuka kwi-axial ukuya kwi-radial kwaye ibuyele kwi-axial, nto leyo edala ilahleko ephezulu yokungqubana kuneeTurbine ze-axial flow.
iibheringi. Uyilo lweebheringi lubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-turboexpander. Iintlobo zeebheringi ezinxulumene noyilo lwe-turboexpander zahlukile kakhulu kwaye zingabandakanya iibheringi zeoyile, iibheringi zefilimu yolwelo, iibheringi zebhola zemveli, kunye neebheringi zemagnethi. Indlela nganye inezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiTheyibhile 1.
Abavelisi abaninzi be-turboexpander bakhetha ii-magnetic bearings njenge "bearing abayithandayo" ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo ezikhethekileyo. Ii-magnetic bearings ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenazingxabano kwezixhobo ze-turboexpander ezinamandla, zinciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kulo lonke ixesha lomatshini. Zikwayilelwe ukumelana noluhlu olubanzi lwemithwalo ye-axial kunye ne-radial kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Iindleko zazo zokuqala eziphezulu zihlawulelwa ziindleko eziphantsi kakhulu zomjikelo wobomi.
i-dynamo. Ijenereyitha ithatha amandla okujikeleza e-turbine ize iyiguqule ibe ngamandla ombane aluncedo isebenzisa ijenereyitha ye-electromagnetic (enokuba yijenereyitha yokungenisa okanye ijenereyitha yemagnethi esisigxina). Iijenereyitha zokungenisa zinesantya esiphantsi, ngoko ke usetyenziso lwe-turbine ekhawulezayo lufuna i-gearbox, kodwa lunokuyilwa ukuze luhambelane ne-grid frequency, nto leyo esusa imfuneko ye-variable frequency drive (VFD) yokubonelela ngombane ovelisiweyo. Iijenereyitha zemagnethi ezisisigxina, kwelinye icala, zinokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-turbine kwaye zidlulisele amandla kwi-grid nge-variable frequency drive. Ijenereyitha yenzelwe ukunika amandla aphezulu ngokusekelwe kumandla e-shaft afumanekayo kwinkqubo.
Iitywina. Itywina likwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo xa kuyilwa inkqubo ye-turboexpander. Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kuhlangatyezwane nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo, iinkqubo kufuneka zivalwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuza kwegesi okunokwenzeka. Ii-Turboexpanders zinokuxhotyiswa ngeetywina ezitshintshayo okanye ezingashukumiyo. Iitywina ezitshintshayo, ezifana neetywina ze-labyrinth kunye neetywina zegesi eyomileyo, zibonelela ngetywina elijikeleze umngxuma ojikelezayo, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwevili le-turbine, iibheringi kunye nomatshini wonke apho ijenereyitha ikhoyo. Iitywina ezitshintshayo ziyaphela ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Xa zonke izinto ze-turboexpander ziqulethwe kwikhaya elinye, iitywina ezitshintshayo zingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela naziphi na iileyiti eziphuma kwikhaya, kuquka nejenereyitha, ii-magnetic bearing drives, okanye ii-sensors. Ezi tywina zingashukumiyo zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhlala luhleli ekuvuthweni kwegesi kwaye azifuni kugcinwa okanye ukulungiswa.
Ngokwembono yenkqubo, imfuneko ephambili yokufaka i-expander kukubonelela ngegesi ecinezelekayo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu (engacolisiyo) kwinkqubo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi enokuhamba okwaneleyo, ukwehla koxinzelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa ukugcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Iiparameter zokusebenza zigcinwa kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo nelisebenzayo.
Ngokuphathelele umsebenzi wokunciphisa uxinzelelo, i-expander ingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo ye-Joule-Thomson (JT) valve, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-throttle valve. Ekubeni i-JT valve ihamba ngendlela ye-isentropic kwaye i-expander ihamba ngendlela ephantse ibe yi-isentropic, le yokugqibela inciphisa i-enthalpy yegesi kwaye iguqula umahluko we-enthalpy ube ngamandla e-shaft, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa ubushushu obuphantsi bokuphuma kune-JT valve. Oku kuluncedo kwiinkqubo ze-cryogenic apho injongo ikukunciphisa ubushushu begesi.
Ukuba kukho umda ophantsi kubushushu begesi yokuphuma (umzekelo, kwisikhululo sokukhupha umoya apho ubushushu begesi kufuneka bugcinwe bungaphezulu kokukhenkceza, ukufuma, okanye ubushushu obuncinci boyilo lwezinto), kufuneka kongezwe ubuncinci iheater enye. lawula ubushushu begesi. Xa iheater yangaphambi kokufudumala ikwindawo ephezulu ye-expander, amanye amandla avela kwigesi yokuphakelwa nawo ayafunyanwa kwi-expander, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa amandla ayo. Kwezinye iimeko apho kufuneka ulawulo lobushushu be-outlet, i-reheater yesibini inokufakwa emva kwe-expander ukuze inike ulawulo olukhawulezayo.
KuMfanekiso 3 ubonisa umzobo olula wedayagram yokugeleza ngokubanzi kwejenereyitha yokwandisa kunye neheater esetyenziselwa ukutshintsha ivalvu yeJT.
Kwezinye iinkqubo zokumisela, amandla afunyenweyo kwi-expander anokudluliselwa ngqo kwi-compressor. Ezi matshini, ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba “zii-commander”, zihlala zinezigaba zokwandisa kunye nokucinezela ezidityaniswe yi-shaft enye okanye ezingaphezulu, ezinokubandakanya ne-gearbox yokulawula umahluko wesantya phakathi kwezi zigaba zimbini. Ingabandakanya ne-motor eyongezelelweyo yokubonelela ngamandla angakumbi kwinqanaba lokucinezela.
Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nozinzo lwenkqubo.
Ivalvu yokudlula okanye ivalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ivalvu yokudlula ivumela ukuba kuqhubeke ukusebenza xa i-turboexpander ingasebenzi (umzekelo, kulondolozo okanye kwimeko engxamisekileyo), ngelixa ivalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo isetyenziselwa ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukubonelela ngegesi engaphezulu xa ukuhamba okupheleleyo kudlula umthamo woyilo lwe-expander.
Ivalvu yokuvala umbane ngexesha likaxakeka (ESD). Iivalvu ze-ESD zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegesi kwi-expander xa kukho imeko kaxakeka ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo woomatshini.
Izixhobo kunye nolawulo. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka zijongwe ziquka uxinzelelo lokungena kunye nolwendawo yokuphuma, isantya sokuhamba, isantya sokujikeleza, kunye nombane ophumayo.
Ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. Esi sixhobo sithintela ukuhamba kwe-turbine, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-turbine rotor yehle, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela izixhobo kwisantya esiphezulu ngenxa yeemeko zenkqubo ezingalindelekanga ezinokonakalisa isixhobo.
Ivalvu yoKhuseleko loxinzelelo (i-PSV). Ii-PSV zihlala zifakelwa emva kwe-turboexpander ukukhusela imibhobho kunye nezixhobo eziphantsi koxinzelelo. I-PSV kufuneka yenzelwe ukumelana neemeko ezinzima kakhulu, ezihlala ziquka ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwevalvu yokudlula. Ukuba i-expander yongezwa kwisikhululo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo esikhoyo, iqela loyilo lwenkqubo kufuneka ligqibe ukuba i-PSV ekhoyo inika ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo na.
I-Heater. Ii-heater zibuyisela ukwehla kobushushu okubangelwa yigesi edlula kwi-turbine, ngoko ke igesi kufuneka itshiswe. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunyusa ubushushu bokuhamba kwegesi okunyukayo ukugcina ubushushu begesi bushiya i-expander ingaphezulu kwexabiso eliphantsi. Enye inzuzo yokunyusa ubushushu kukunyusa amandla okukhupha kunye nokuthintela ukugqwala, ukufuma, okanye ii-hydrate ezinokuchaphazela kakubi iimpumlo zezixhobo. Kwiinkqubo ezinee-heat exchangers (njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3), ubushushu begesi buhlala bulawulwa ngokulawula ukuhamba kolwelo olushushu kwi-preheater. Kwezinye iindlela, i-flame heater okanye i-electric heater ingasetyenziswa endaweni ye-heat exchanger. Ii-heaters zisenokuba sele zikhona kwisikhululo se-JT valve esikhoyo, kwaye ukongeza i-expander kusenokungafuneki ukuba kufakwe ii-heaters ezongezelelweyo, kodwa kunoko kwandiswe ukuhamba kolwelo olushushu.
Iinkqubo zegesi yeoyile yokuthambisa kunye neyokutywina. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, ii-expanders zingasebenzisa uyilo olwahlukeneyo lwe-seal, olunokufuna ii-lubricants kunye nee-seal gases. Apho kufanelekileyo, i-oyile yokuthambisa kufuneka igcine umgangatho ophezulu kunye nobunyulu xa idibana neegesi zenkqubo, kwaye inqanaba le-oyile yokuthambisa kufuneka lihlale ngaphakathi koluhlu olufunekayo lokusebenza lwee-bearings ezithanjiswe nge-lubricant. Iinkqubo zegesi ezithanjiswe nge-seal zihlala zixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokuthambisa ioyile ukuthintela ioyile kwibhokisi yokuthwala ukuba ingangeni kwibhokisi yokwandisa. Kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zee-companders ezisetyenziswa kushishino lwe-hydrocarbon, iinkqubo ze-oyile yokuthambisa kunye negesi yokutywina zihlala ziyilelwe i-API 617 [5] Inxalenye 4 yeenkcukacha.
I-Variable frequency drive (VFD). Xa ijenereyitha ingenisa, i-VFD idla ngokuvulwa ukuze ilungise isignali ye-alternating current (AC) ukuze ihambelane ne-utility frequency. Ngokwesiqhelo, uyilo olusekelwe kwi-variable frequency drives lusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunezoyilo ezisebenzisa ii-gearbox okanye ezinye izinto zoomatshini. Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-VFD zinokulungiselela uluhlu olubanzi lotshintsho lwenkqubo olunokubangela utshintsho kwisantya se-expander shaft.
Uthumelo. Ezinye iindlela zokwandisa zisebenzisa i-gearbox ukunciphisa isantya sokwandisa ukuya kwisantya esilinganisiweyo sejenereyitha. Ixabiso lokusebenzisa i-gearbox liphantsi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwaye ngenxa yoko amandla aphumayo aphantsi.
Xa kulungiselelwa isicelo sekowuteshini (RFQ) yesandisi-mveliso, injineli yenkqubo kufuneka iqale imisele iimeko zokusebenza, kuquka ulwazi olulandelayo:
Iinjineli zoomatshini zihlala zigqibezela iinkcukacha kunye neenkcukacha zejenereyitha yesandisi-mveliso zisebenzisa idatha evela kwezinye iinkalo zobunjineli. Ezi ziphumo zingabandakanya oku kulandelayo:
Iinkcukacha mazibandakanye uluhlu lwamaxwebhu kunye nemizobo enikwe ngumenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo yethenda kunye nobubanzi bobonelelo, kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo njengoko zifunwa yiprojekthi.
Ulwazi lobuchwephesha olunikezelwa ngumvelisi njengenxalenye yenkqubo yethenda kufuneka ngokubanzi lubandakanye ezi zinto zilandelayo:
Ukuba kukho naliphi na icala lesicelo elahlukileyo kwiinkcukacha zokuqala, umenzi kufuneka anike uluhlu lwezinto eziphambukileyo kunye nezizathu zokuphambuka.
Nje ukuba isicelo sifunyenwe, iqela lophuhliso lweprojekthi kufuneka lihlolisise isicelo sokuthobela imithetho kwaye ligqibe ukuba ngaba umahluko ufanelekile na ngokwetekhnoloji.
Ezinye izinto zobugcisa ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuvavanywa izindululo ziquka:
Okokugqibela, kufuneka kwenziwe uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho. Ngenxa yokuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela iindleko zokuqala ezahlukeneyo, kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlalutyo lwemali okanye iindleko zomjikelo wobomi ukuze kuthelekiswe uqoqosho lwexesha elide lweprojekthi kunye nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali. Umzekelo, utyalo-mali lokuqala oluphezulu lunokulinganiswa kwixesha elide ngokwanda kwemveliso okanye ukuncipha kweemfuno zolondolozo. Jonga "Izalathiso" ukuze ufumane imiyalelo yolu hlobo lohlalutyo. 4.
Zonke izicelo ze-turboexpander-generator zifuna ukubalwa kwamandla okuqala apheleleyo ukuze kuchongwe inani elipheleleyo lamandla afumanekayo anokufunyanwa kwisicelo esithile. Kwi-turboexpander generator, amandla anokubakho abalwa njengenkqubo ye-isentropic (i-entropy eqhubekayo). Le yimeko efanelekileyo ye-thermodynamic yokuqwalasela inkqubo ye-adiabatic eguqukayo ngaphandle kokungqubana, kodwa yinkqubo echanekileyo yokuqikelela amandla angempela.
Amandla anokubakho e-Isentropic (IPP) abalwa ngokuphindaphinda umahluko othile we-enthalpy kwindawo yokungena kunye neyokuphuma kwe-turboexpander kwaye uphindaphinde isiphumo ngesantya sokuhamba kobunzima. La mandla anokubakho aya kubonakaliswa njengobuninzi be-isentropic (I-Equation (1)):
IPP = ( hinlet – h(i,e)) × ṁ x ŋ (1)
apho i-h(i,e) yi-enthalpy ethile xa kujongwa ubushushu be-isentropic outlet kunye ne-ṁ lizinga lokuhamba kobunzima.
Nangona i-isentropic potential energy ingasetyenziselwa ukuqikelela amandla anokubakho, zonke iinkqubo zokwenyani zibandakanya ukungqubana, ubushushu, kunye nezinye ilahleko zamandla ezincedisayo. Ngoko ke, xa kubalwa amandla okwenyani, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo idatha eyongezelelweyo yokufaka elandelayo:
Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-turboexpander, ubushushu buncitshiswa kancinci ukuthintela iingxaki ezingafunekiyo ezifana nokuqandisa imibhobho ekuthethwe ngayo ngaphambili. Apho igesi yendalo ihamba khona, ii-hydrate zihlala zikhona, oko kuthetha ukuba umbhobho osezantsi kwe-turboexpander okanye ivalvu ye-throttle uya kuqandisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuba ubushushu bokuphuma buhla ngaphantsi kwe-0°C. Ukwakheka komkhenkce kunokubangela ukunqongophala kokuhamba kwamanzi kwaye ekugqibeleni kuvale inkqubo ukuze inyibilike. Ke ngoko, ubushushu bokuphuma "obufunekayo" busetyenziselwa ukubala imeko yamandla anokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwiigesi ezifana ne-hydrogen, umda wobushushu uphantsi kakhulu kuba i-hydrogen ayitshintshi ukusuka kwigesi ukuya kulwelo ide ifikelele kubushushu be-cryogenic (-253°C). Sebenzisa obu bushushu bokuphuma obufunekayo ukubala i-enthalpy ethile.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-turboexpander nako kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Ngokuxhomekeke kubuchwepheshe obusetyenzisiweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunokwahluka kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-turboexpander esebenzisa igiya yokunciphisa ukudlulisa amandla okujikeleza ukusuka kwi-turbine ukuya kwijenereyitha iya kufumana ilahleko ezinkulu zokungqubana kunenkqubo esebenzisa i-direct drive ukusuka kwi-turbine ukuya kwijenereyitha. Ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi kwenkqubo ye-turboexpander kubonakaliswa njengepesenti kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kuvavanywa amandla okwenyani e-turboexpander. Amandla okwenyani (PP) abalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
PP = (hinlet – hexit) × ṁ x ṅ (2)
Makhe sijonge ukusetyenziswa kokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegesi yendalo. I-ABC isebenza kwaye igcina isikhululo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo esithutha igesi yendalo ukusuka kumbhobho ophambili size siyisasaze koomasipala basekuhlaleni. Kwesi sikhululo, uxinzelelo lokungena kwegesi yi-40 bar kwaye uxinzelelo lokuphuma yi-8 bar. Ubushushu begesi yokungena eshushu buyi-35°C, obufudumeza igesi kwangaphambili ukuthintela ukubanda kwepayipi. Ke ngoko, ubushushu begesi yokukhupha kufuneka bulawulwe ukuze bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0°C. Kulo mzekelo siza kusebenzisa i-5°C njengobushushu obuncinci bokuphuma ukuze sonyuse ukhuseleko. Izinga lokuhamba kwegesi yevolumu eqhelekileyo yi-50,000 Nm3/h. Ukuze sibale amandla ombane, siza kucinga ukuba yonke igesi ihamba nge-turbo expander kwaye sibale amandla aphezulu okukhupha. Qikelela amandla onke okukhupha amandla sisebenzisa olu balo lulandelayo: