I-HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Iifektri zokwenza utywala zisebenzisa i-CO2 ngeendlela ezininzi ezimangalisayo kwinkqubo yokwenza utywala, ukupakisha kunye nokuphakelwa: ukuhambisa ibhiya okanye imveliso ukusuka kwitanki ukuya kwelinye, ukwenza imveliso ibe yi-carbon dioxide, ukucoca ioksijini ngaphambi kokupakisha, ukupakisha ibhiya kwinkqubo, ukuhlamba iitanki zaseBritane ngaphambi kokuba zicocwe kwaye zihlanjululwe, ukufaka ibhiya ebhotileni kwindawo yokutyela okanye ebharini. Oku kukuqala nje.
“Sisebenzisa i-CO2 kuyo yonke indawo yokwenza ubhiya kunye nebar,” utshilo uMax McKenna, umphathi omkhulu wentengiso kwiDorchester Brewing Co eseBoston. Sikhonza ibhiya – kwinqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo.”
Njengezinye iindawo zokwenza utywala, iDorchester Brewing ijongene nokunqongophala kwe-CO2 yomgangatho wezorhwebo ekufuneka isebenze kuyo (funda ngazo zonke izizathu zokunqongophala apha).
“Ngenxa yezivumelwano zethu, abathengisi bethu beCO2 abakanyusi amaxabiso abo nangona amaxabiso enyuka kwezinye iindawo zemarike,” utshilo uMcKenna. “Okwangoku, impembelelo ibe ikakhulu kukusasazwa okulinganiselweyo.”
Ukulungisa ukungabikho kwe-CO2, iDorchester Brewing isebenzisa i-nitrogen endaweni ye-CO2 kwezinye iimeko.
“Sikwazile ukuhambisa imisebenzi emininzi kwi-nitrogen,” uMcKenna uqhube wathi. “Ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo yayikukucoca iitini nokugquma igesi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzincamathelisa nokuzivala. Oku kongezwa okukhulu kuthi kuba ezi nkqubo zifuna i-CO2 eninzi. Kangangexesha elide besinesityalo esikhethekileyo se-nitro. Sisebenzisa ijenereyitha ekhethekileyo ye-nitrogen ukuvelisa yonke i-nitrogen yebhari – yomgca we-nitro ozinikeleyo kunye nomxube webhiya yethu.”
I-N2 yeyona gesi ingenamsebenzi engabizi kakhulu ukuyivelisa kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwefektri yokwenza ubhiya, iivenkile zeebhotile kunye neebhari. I-N2 ixabisa kancinci kune-CO2 kwiziselo kwaye idla ngokufumaneka ngakumbi, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ikhona na kwindawo okuyo.
I-N2 ingathengwa njengegesi kwiisilinda ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye njengolwelo kwiDewars okanye kwiitanki ezinkulu zokugcina. I-nitrogen ingaveliswa kwindawo kusetyenziswa ijenereyitha ye-nitrogen. Iijenereyitha ze-nitrogen zisebenza ngokususa iimolekyuli ze-oxygen emoyeni.
I-nitrogen yeyona nto ininzi kakhulu (78%) emoyeni woMhlaba, enye into yioksijini kunye neegesi ezilandelelanayo. Ikwayenza ibe nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo njengoko ukhupha i-CO2 encinci.
Kwi-bilking kunye nepakethe, i-N2 ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina ioksijini ingangeni kwibhiya. Xa isetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo (uninzi lwabantu luxuba i-CO2 ne-N2 xa besebenza nebhiya ekhabhoni) i-N2 ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca amatanki, ukuhambisa ibhiya ukusuka kwitanki ukuya kwitanki, ukucinezela iikegi ngaphambi kokuba zigcinwe, ngelixa ifaka umoya phantsi kwesiciko. Kwimivalo, i-nitro isetyenziswa kwimigca yamanzi empompini kwi-nitropiv kunye nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu/umgama omde apho i-nitrogen ixutywe nepesenti ethile ye-CO2 ukuthintela ibhiya ekuphumeni kwegwebu empompini. I-N2 ingasetyenziselwa nokuba yigesi yokubilisa yokukhupha igesi emanzini ukuba oku kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yakho.
Ngoku, njengoko besitshilo kwinqaku lethu elidlulileyo malunga nokunqongophala kwe-CO2, i-nitrogen ayisiyonto ifanelekileyo yokuthatha indawo ye-CO2 kuzo zonke iindlela zokwenziwa kotywala. Ezi gesi zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo. Zinobunzima obahlukeneyo beemolekyuli kunye nobunzima obahlukeneyo.
Umzekelo, i-CO2 inyibilika ngakumbi kulwelo kune-N2. Yiyo loo nto i-nitrogen inika amaqamza amancinci kunye nomlomo owahlukileyo kwibhiya. Yiyo loo nto abenzi bebhiya besebenzisa amathontsi e-nitrogen engamanzi endaweni ye-nitrogen yegesi kwibhiya ye-nitrate. I-Carbon dioxide ikwafaka incasa yobukrakra okanye ubumuncu obungena-nitrogen, nto leyo enokutshintsha iprofayili yencasa, batsho abantu. Ukutshintshela kwi-nitrogen akuyi kuzisombulula zonke iingxaki ze-carbon dioxide.
“Kukho ithuba,” utshilo uChuck Skepek, umlawuli weenkqubo zobugcisa bokwenza ubhiya kwiBrewers Institute, “kodwa i-nitrogen ayisiyonto yokuphelisa okanye isisombululo esikhawulezileyo. I-CO2 kunye ne-nitrogen ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Uza kufumana i-nitrogen engakumbi ixutywe nomoya osetankini kunokuba ucoca i-CO2. Ngoko ke iya kufuna i-nitrogen engakumbi. Ndiyiva le nto ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
“Omnye umthengisi webhiya endimaziyo wayekrelekrele kakhulu waza waqalisa ukutshintsha i-carbon dioxide nge-nitrogen, kwaye ibhiya yabo yayine-oxygen eninzi kuyo, ngoko ke ngoku basebenzisa umxube we-nitrogen kunye ne-carbon dioxide, ngethamsanqa elincinci. Hayi nje, “Hee, siza kuqala ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ukusombulula zonke iingxaki zethu. Kuhle ukubona okuninzi ngale nto kwiincwadi, siqala ukubona abantu abaninzi besenza uphando, kwaye, uyazi, ukuza neendlela ezilungileyo zokutshintsha oku.”
Ukuhanjiswa kwezi gesi kuya kwahluka njengoko zinobunzima obahlukeneyo obunokubangela utshintsho oluthile kubunjineli okanye kwindawo yokugcina. Mamela uJason Perkins, umvelisi webhiya oyintloko kwi-Allagash Brewing Co., exoxa ngokuphucula umgca wakhe webhotile kunye ne-gas manifold ukuze asebenzise i-CO2 kwisitya esinoxinzelelo kunye ne-N2 kwi-sealant kunye ne-bubble breaker. Indawo yokugcina inokwahluka.
“Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho umahluko othile, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yendlela esifumana ngayo initrogen,” utshilo uMcKenna. “Sifumana initrogen engamanzi ecocekileyo kwiidewars, ngoko ke ukuyigcina kwahlukile kakhulu kwiitanki zethu zeCO2: zincinci, kwiirola kwaye zigcinwa kwifriji. Siyithathele kwinqanaba elilandelayo. I-carbon dioxide ukuya kwinitrogen, kodwa kwakhona, silumkile kakhulu malunga nendlela yokwenza utshintsho ngokufanelekileyo nangoxanduva ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhiya ikwinqanaba eliphezulu kuyo yonke inyathelo. Isitshixo, kwezinye iimeko yayilutshintsho olulula kakhulu lweplagi kunye nokudlala, ngelixa kwezinye iimeko kwakufuneka uphuculo olukhulu kwizixhobo, iziseko zophuhliso, imveliso, njl.njl..”
Ngokwale nqaku ibalaseleyo evela kwi-Titus Co. (umthengisi wee-air compressors, ii-air dryers, kunye neenkonzo ze-air compressor ngaphandle kwePennsylvania), ii-nitrogen generators zisebenza ngenye yeendlela ezimbini:
Ukufunxwa kwe-Pressure swing: Ukufunxwa kwe-Pressure swing (PSA) kusebenza ngokusebenzisa izihluzo ze-carbon molecular ukuze kwahlulwe iimolekyuli. Isihluzo sineembobo ezinobukhulu obufanayo neemolekyuli ze-oksijini, ezibamba ezo molekyuli njengoko zidlula kwaye zivumela iimolekyuli ezinkulu ze-nitrogen ukuba zidlule. Emva koko ijenereyitha ikhupha ioksijini kwenye igumbi. Isiphumo sale nkqubo kukuba ubunyulu be-nitrogen bunokufikelela kwi-99.999%.
Ukuveliswa kwe-nitrogen kwi-membrane. Ukuveliswa kwe-nitrogen kwi-membrane kusebenza ngokwahlula iimolekyuli kusetyenziswa iifayibha ze-polymer. Ezi fayibha zingenanto, zinemingxuma engaphezulu encinci ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ioksijini ukuba idlule, kodwa zincinci kakhulu ukuba iimolekyuli ze-nitrogen zisuse ioksijini kumjelo wegesi. Iijenereyitha ezisebenzisa le ndlela zinokuvelisa i-nitrogen ecocekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99.5%.
Kaloku, i-PSA nitrogen generator ivelisa i-nitrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu ngobuninzi obukhulu kwaye xa isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi aphezulu, uhlobo lwe-nitrogen olucocekileyo olufunwa ziinkampani ezininzi zokwenza utywala. I-Ultrapure ithetha i-99.9995% ukuya kwi-99%. Ii-membrane nitrogen generator zilungele iinkampani ezincinci zokwenza utywala ezifuna umthamo ophantsi, indlela yokuphuma kwamanzi ephantsi apho ubumsulwa be-99% ukuya kwi-99.9% buyamkeleka.
Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamva nje, i-Atlas Copco nitrogen generator yi-compressor yomoya yemizi-mveliso encinci ene-diaphragm ekhethekileyo eyahlula i-nitrogen kumjelo womoya ocinezelweyo. Ii-craft breweries zijongwe kakhulu yi-Atlas Copo. Ngokutsho kwephepha elimhlophe le-Atlas Copco, abenzi be-brewers badla ngokuhlawula phakathi kwe-$0.10 kunye ne-$0.15 nge-cubic foot nganye ukuvelisa i-nitrogen kwindawo leyo. Oku kuthelekiswa njani neendleko zakho ze-CO2?
“Sinikezela ngeepakeji ezintandathu ezisemgangathweni ezigubungela i-80% yazo zonke iibreyi – ukusuka kumawaka ambalwa ukuya kumakhulu amawaka eebhereli ngonyaka,” utshilo uPeter Askini, umphathi wophuhliso lweshishini leegesi zoshishino kwi-Atlas Copco. “Ibreyi inokunyusa amandla eejenereyitha zayo ze-nitrogen ukuze ikwazi ukukhula ngelixa igcina ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukongeza, uyilo lwemodyuli luvumela ukuba kongezwe ijenereyitha yesibini ukuba imisebenzi yebreyitha iyanda kakhulu.”
“Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen akwenzelwanga ukuba ithathe indawo ye-CO2 ngokupheleleyo,” ucacisa uAsquini, “kodwa sicinga ukuba abenzi bewayini banokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabo malunga nama-70%. Amandla aphambili kukuzinza. Kulula kakhulu kuye nawuphi na umenzi wewayini ukuvelisa i-nitrogen ngokwakhe. Musa ukusebenzisa iigesi ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba.” nto leyo ingcono kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iya kuhlawula ukususela kwinyanga yokuqala, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho, ukuba ayibonakali ngaphambi kokuba uyithenge, ungayithengi. Nazi imithetho yethu elula. Imfuno ye-CO2 iyanda kakhulu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezinjalo, njengomkhenkce owomileyo, osebenzisa isixa esikhulu se-CO2 kwaye iyimfuneko ukuhambisa imigonyo. Iinkampani zokwenza ubhiya e-US zivakalisa inkxalabo malunga nenqanaba lobonelelo kwaye zizibuza ukuba zingagcina ixabiso lihambelana neemfuno zenkampani yokwenza ubhiya.”
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ubunyulu be-nitrogen buya kuba yingxaki enkulu kubapheki bebhiya abanobuchule. Njenge-CO2, i-nitrogen iya kusebenzisana nebhiya okanye i-wort kwaye ithwale ukungcola kunye nayo. Yingakho uninzi lwezixhobo ze-nitrogen zokutya neziselo ziya kubhengezwa njengezixhobo ezingena-oyile (funda ngeenzuzo zococeko ze-compressors ezingena-oyile kwisivakalisi sokugqibela kwi-sidebar engezantsi).
“Xa sifumana i-CO2, sijonga umgangatho wayo kunye nongcoliseko lwayo, enye into ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni nomthengisi olungileyo,” utshilo uMcKenna. “I-nitrogen yahlukile kancinci, yiyo loo nto sisathenga i-nitrogen engamanzi ecocekileyo. Enye into esiyijongileyo kukufumana kunye nokubeka amaxabiso kwijenereyitha ye-nitrogen yangaphakathi - kwakhona, sigxile kwi-nitrogen eyivelisayo ngePurity ukunciphisa ukufunxwa kweoksijini. Sibona oku njengotyalo-mali olunokwenzeka, ngoko ke iinkqubo kuphela kwifektri yebhiya ezixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwi-CO2 ziya kuba yi-beer carbonation kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi empompini.
“Kodwa into enye ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyikhumbule – kwakhona, into ebonakala ikhetha ukuyityeshela kodwa ibalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho webhiya – kukuba nawuphi na umvelisi wenitrogen kufuneka avelise initrogen kwindawo yesibini [oko kukuthi ubumsulwa obuyi-99.99%] ukuze kuncitshiswe ukufunxwa yioksijini kunye nomngcipheko wokufunxwa yioksijini. Eli nqanaba lokuchaneka nobumsulwa lifuna iindleko ezingaphezulu zomvelisi wenitrogen, kodwa liqinisekisa umgangatho wenitrogen kwaye ngoko ke umgangatho webhiya.”
Abapheki bebhiya bafuna idatha eninzi kunye nolawulo lomgangatho xa besebenzisa i-nitrogen. Umzekelo, ukuba umpheki webhiya usebenzisa i-N2 ukuhambisa ibhiya phakathi kwamatanki, ukuzinza kwe-CO2 etankini nakwitanki okanye ebhotileni kufuneka kujongwe kuyo yonke inkqubo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-N2 ecocekileyo isenokungasebenzi kakuhle (umzekelo, xa kuzaliswa izikhongozeli) kuba i-N2 ecocekileyo iya kuyisusa i-CO2 kwisisombululo. Ngenxa yoko, abanye abapheki bebhiya baya kusebenzisa umxube we-CO2 kunye ne-N2 oyi-50/50 ukuzalisa isitya, ngelixa abanye bengayi kuyenza loo nto ngokupheleleyo.
Icebiso le-N2 Pro: Masithethe ngokugcinwa. Iijenereyitha zenitrogen zisondele kakhulu “ekumiseni uze ulibale” kangangoko unako, kodwa ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezifana nezihluzi, zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo. Ngokwesiqhelo, le nkonzo ifuneka malunga neeyure ezingama-4000. Iqela elifanayo elinyamekela i-air compressor yakho liya kunyamekela ijenereyitha yakho. Uninzi lweejenereyitha ziza nesilawuli esilula esifana ne-iPhone yakho kwaye zibonelela ngezakhono zokujonga kude ze-app epheleleyo.
Ukucocwa kwetanki kwahlukile ekucocweni kwenitrogen ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. I-N2 ixubana kakuhle nomoya, ngoko ke ayidibani ne-O2 njengoko isenza i-CO2. I-N2 ikwakhaphukhaphu kunomoya, ngoko ke igcwalisa itanki ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, ngelixa i-CO2 iyizalisa ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Kuthatha i-N2 engaphezulu kune-CO2 ukucoca itanki yokugcina kwaye kudla ngokufuna ukudutyulwa okungakumbi. Ngaba usagcina imali?
Kuvela nemiba emitsha yokhuseleko kwigesi entsha yemizi-mveliso. Ifektri yokwenza ubhiya kufuneka ifake izinzwa ze-O2 ukuze abasebenzi bakwazi ukubona umgangatho womoya ongaphakathi - njengokuba une-N2 dewars egcinwe kwiifriji kule mihla.
Kodwa inzuzo inokuba ngaphezu kwezityalo zokubuyisela iCO2. Kule webinar, uDion Quinn weFoth Production Solutions (inkampani yobunjineli) uthi imveliso ye-N2 ixabisa phakathi kwe-$8 ne-$20 ngetoni, ngelixa ukubamba iCO2 ngesityalo sokubuyisela iCO2 kuxabisa phakathi kwe-$50 ne-$200 ngetoni.
Iingenelo zeenjini zenitrogen ziquka ukuphelisa okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiikhontrakthi kunye nokunikezelwa kweCO2 kunye nenitrogen. Oku kugcina indawo yokugcina njengoko iifektri zotywala zinokuvelisa kwaye zigcine kangangoko zifuna, kuphelisa isidingo sokugcina nokuthutha iibhotile zenitrogen. NjengakwiCO2, ukuthunyelwa kunye nokuphathwa kwenitrogen kuhlawulwa ngumthengi. Ngeenjini zenitrogen, oku akusekho ngxaki.
Iijenereyitha zenitrogen zihlala zilula ukuzidibanisa kwindawo yefektri. Iijenereyitha zenitrogen ezincinci zinokuxhonywa eludongeni ukuze zingathathi indawo yomgangatho kwaye zisebenze ngokuzolileyo. Ezi ngxowa ziphatha kakuhle amaqondo obushushu atshintshayo kwaye ziyamelana nokutshintshatshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu. Zingafakwa ngaphandle, kodwa azikhuthazwa kwiindawo ezinemozulu ephezulu nephantsi kakhulu.
Kukho abavelisi abaninzi beejenereyitha zenitrogen kuquka iAtlas Copco, iParker Hannifin, iSouth-Tek Systems, iMilcarb kunye neHoltec Gas Systems. Ijenereyitha yenitrogen encinci inokubiza malunga ne-$800 ngenyanga phantsi kwenkqubo yokuqeshisa iminyaka emihlanu, utshilo uAsquini.
“Ekugqibeleni, ukuba i-nitrogen ikulungele, uneentlobo ngeentlobo zabathengisi kunye netekhnoloji onokukhetha kuzo,” utshilo u-Asquini. “Fumana ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kuwe kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle indleko iyonke yobunini [indleko iyonke yobunini] kwaye uthelekise iindleko zamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo. Uya kufumanisa rhoqo ukuba ukuthenga eyona ingabizi kakhulu akulunganga emsebenzini wakho.”
Iinkqubo ze-nitrogen generator zisebenzisa i-air compressor, kwaye uninzi lweendawo zokwenza ubhiya sele zinayo, nto leyo iluncedo.
Zeziphi ii-air compressors ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokwenza utywala? Ityhala ulwelo ngemibhobho nakwiitanki. Amandla okuhambisa nokulawula umoya. Umoya we-wort, igwele okanye amanzi. ivalvu yokulawula. Susa igesi ukuze ukhuphe udaka kwiitanki ngexesha lokucoca kwaye uncede ekucoceni imingxunya.
Ukusetyenziswa kweendawo ezininzi zokwenza ubhiya kufuna ukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo kwee-air compressors ezingenayo ioyile eziyi-100%. Ukuba ioyile idibana nebhiya, iyayibulala igwele kwaye ithontsize igwebu, nto leyo eyonakalisa isiselo kwaye yenze ibhiya ibe mbi.
Kwakhona kuyingozi kukhuseleko. Ngenxa yokuba ishishini lokutya neziselo libuthathaka kakhulu, kukho imigangatho engqongqo yomgangatho kunye nobunyulu obusebenzayo, kwaye kufanelekile. Umzekelo: Iicompressor zomoya ezingenawo amafutha zeSullair SRL series ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-15 hp. (ukusuka kwi-7.5 ukuya kwi-11 kW) zifanelekile kakhulu kwiindawo zokwenza ubhiya. Iibreweries ziyakonwabela ukuzola kwezi ntlobo zoomatshini. Uthotho lweSRL lubonelela ngamanqanaba aphantsi engxolo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-48dBA, okwenza icompressor ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwegumbi elahlukileyo elingangenisi ngxolo.
Xa umoya ococekileyo ubalulekile, njengakwiindawo zokwenza utywala nakwindawo zokwenza utywala, umoya ongenawo ioyile ubalulekile. Amasuntswana eoyile emoyeni oxinzelelweyo anokungcolisa iinkqubo kunye nemveliso esezantsi. Ekubeni iindawo ezininzi zokwenza utywala zivelisa amawaka eebhereli okanye iikesi ezininzi zebhiya ngonyaka, akukho mntu unokuzibeka emngciphekweni. Iicompressor ezingenawo ioyile zifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiindawo apho umoya udibana ngqo nempahla yokutya. Kwanakwiindawo apho kungekho nxibelelwano ngqo phakathi kwezithako nomoya, njengakwimigca yokupakisha, icompressor engenawo ioyile inceda ukugcina imveliso yokugqibela icocekile ukuze kubekho uxolo lwengqondo.