I-HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Umbhali: Lukas Bijikli, uMphathi wePotfoliyo yeMveliso, ii-Integrated Gear Drives, ii-R&D CO2 Compression kunye nee-Heat Pumps, i-Siemens Energy.
Kangangeminyaka emininzi, i-Integrated Gear Compressor (IGC) ibilubuchwepheshe obukhethwayo kwizityalo ezahlulahlula umoya. Oku kungenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle, nto leyo ekhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekunciphiseni iindleko zeoksijini, i-nitrogen kunye negesi engasebenziyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukugxila okukhulayo ekususeni iicarbonization kubeka iimfuno ezintsha kwi-IPCs, ngakumbi ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokuguquguquka kwemithetho. Inkcitho yemali iyaqhubeka nokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kubaqhubi bezityalo, ngakumbi kumashishini amancinci naphakathi.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iSiemens Energy iqalise iiprojekthi ezininzi zophando nophuhliso (R&D) ezijolise ekwandiseni amandla e-IGC ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezitshintshayo zemarike yokwahlulwa komoya. Eli nqaku ligxininisa uphuculo oluthile loyilo esilwenzileyo kwaye lixoxa ngendlela olu tshintsho olunokunceda ngayo ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zabathengi bethu zokunciphisa iindleko kunye nekhabhoni.
Uninzi lweeyunithi zokwahlukanisa umoya namhlanje zixhotyiswe ngeecompressor ezimbini: i-compressor yomoya ephambili (i-MAC) kunye ne-boost air compressor (i-BAC). I-compressor yomoya ephambili idla ngokucinezela ukuhamba komoya wonke ukusuka kuxinzelelo lomoya ukuya kwi-6 bar. Inxalenye yale flow icinezelwa ngakumbi kwi-BAC ukuya kuxinzelelo olufikelela kwi-60 bar.
Ngokuxhomekeke kumthombo wamandla, i-compressor idla ngokuqhutywa yi-turbine yomphunga okanye i-electric motor. Xa usebenzisa i-turbine yomphunga, zombini ii-compressors ziqhutywa yi-turbine efanayo ngee-twin shaft ends. Kwi-classical scheme, kufakwa igiya eliphakathi phakathi kwe-turbine yomphunga kunye ne-HAC (Umzobo 1).
Kwiinkqubo eziqhutywa ngombane kunye neziqhutywa ngomphunga, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-compressor sisixhobo esinamandla sokususa i-carbonization njengoko kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kweyunithi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwii-MGP eziqhutywa zii-turbine zomphunga, kuba uninzi lobushushu bokuvelisa umphunga lufunyanwa kwiibhoyila ezisebenzisa amafutha efosili.
Nangona iimoto zombane zibonelela ngenye indlela eluhlaza endaweni yee-turbine drives zomphunga, kudla ngokubakho imfuneko enkulu yokuguquguquka kolawulo. Izityalo ezininzi zanamhlanje zokwahlula umoya ezakhiweyo namhlanje ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi kwaye zinomgangatho ophezulu wokusetyenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. E-Australia, umzekelo, kukho izicwangciso zokwakha izityalo ezininzi ze-ammonia eziluhlaza eziza kusebenzisa iiyunithi zokwahlula umoya (ii-ASU) ukuvelisa i-nitrogen yokwenza i-ammonia kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zifumane umbane kwiifama zomoya kunye nelanga ezikufutshane. Kwezi zityalo, ukuguquguquka kokulawula kubalulekile ukuhlawula ukuguquguquka kwendalo ekuvelisweni kombane.
I-Siemens Energy yaphuhlisa i-IGC yokuqala (eyayisakwaziwa ngokuba yi-VK) ngo-1948. Namhlanje le nkampani ivelisa iiyunithi ezingaphezu kwama-2,300 kwihlabathi liphela, uninzi lwazo zenzelwe usetyenziso olunezinga lokuhamba elingaphezulu kwama-400,000 m3/h. Ii-MGP zethu zanamhlanje zinezinga lokuhamba elifikelela kwi-1.2 yezigidi zeekubhiki mitha ngeyure kwisakhiwo esinye. Ezi ziquka iinguqulelo ezingenagiya zee-compressor ze-console ezinezinga loxinzelelo elifikelela kwi-2.5 okanye ngaphezulu kwiinguqulelo zesigaba esinye kunye nezinga loxinzelelo elifikelela kwi-6 kwiinguqulelo ezilandelelanayo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuze sihlangabezane neemfuno ezikhulayo zokusebenza kakuhle kwe-IGC, ukuguquguquka kwemithetho kunye neendleko zemali, senze uphuculo oluphawulekayo kuyilo, oluchazwe ngezantsi.
Ukusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo kwenani lee-impellers ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwinqanaba lokuqala le-MAC kwandiswa ngokutshintsha i-geometry yeblade. Ngale impeller intsha, ukusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo okuya kuthi ga kwi-89% kunokufezekiswa ngokudibeneyo nee-LS diffusers zesiqhelo kunye nangaphezulu kwe-90% ngokudibeneyo nesizukulwana esitsha see-hybrid diffusers.
Ukongeza, i-impeller inenombolo ye-Mach engaphezulu kwe-1.3, enika isigaba sokuqala ubuninzi bamandla kunye nomlinganiselo wokucinezelwa. Oku kunciphisa amandla afanele adluliselwe ziigiya kwiinkqubo ze-MAC ezinamanqanaba amathathu, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa kweegiya ezincinci kunye neegiya ze-direct drive kwizigaba zokuqala.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-LS vane diffuser yesiqhelo epheleleyo, i-hybrid diffuser yesizukulwana esilandelayo inokusebenza kakuhle kwesigaba se-2.5% kunye ne-control factor ye-3%. Olu nyuko lufezekiswa ngokuxuba iiblades (oko kukuthi iiblades zahlulwe zibe ngamacandelo anobude obupheleleyo kunye namacandelo anobude obungaphelelanga). Kule fomyula
Ukuphuma komoya phakathi kwe-impeller kunye ne-diffuser kuncitshiswa yinxalenye yobude be-blade obukufutshane ne-impeller kunee-blades ze-LS diffuser eqhelekileyo. Njengakwi-LS diffuser eqhelekileyo, imiphetho ephambili yee-blades ezipheleleyo zikude ngokulinganayo ne-impeller ukuze kuthintelwe ukusebenzisana kwe-impeller kunye ne-diffuser okunokonakalisa ii-blades.
Ukunyusa kancinci ukuphakama kweeblade kufutshane ne-impeller kuphucula indlela yokuhamba kufutshane nendawo yokuphefumla. Ngenxa yokuba umda ophambili wecandelo le-vane eligcwele ubude uhlala ulingana nobubanzi be-LS diffuser eqhelekileyo, umgca we-throttle awuchaphazeleki, nto leyo evumela uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kunye nokulungiswa.
Ukufakwa kwamanzi kubandakanya ukufaka amathontsi amanzi kumjelo womoya kwityhubhu yokufunxa. Amathontsi ayaphuma aze afunxe ubushushu obuvela kumjelo wegesi, ngaloo ndlela ehlisa ubushushu bokungena ukuya kwinqanaba lokucinezelwa. Oku kuphumela ekunciphiseni kweemfuno zamandla e-isentropic kunye nokwanda kokusebenza kakuhle okungaphezulu kwe-1%.
Ukuqinisa i-gear shaft kukuvumela ukuba wonyuse uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo kwindawo nganye, nto leyo ekuvumela ukuba unciphise ububanzi bezinyo. Oku kunciphisa ilahleko zoomatshini kwi-gearbox ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25%, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda kokusebenza kakuhle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.5%. Ukongeza, iindleko eziphambili ze-compressor zinokuncitshiswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1% kuba kusetyenziswa isinyithi esincinci kwi-gearbox enkulu.
Le impeller inokusebenza nge-flow coefficient (φ) efikelela kwi-0.25 kwaye inika intloko engaphezulu nge-6% kunee-impellers ezingama-65 degrees. Ukongeza, i-flow coefficient ifikelela kwi-0.25, kwaye kuyilo lwe-double-flow yomatshini we-IGC, i-volumetric flow ifikelela kwi-1.2 yezigidi m3/h okanye ne-2.4 yezigidi m3/h.
Ixabiso eliphezulu le-phi livumela ukusetyenziswa kwe-impeller encinci enobubanzi obufanayo kumthamo ofanayo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko ze-compressor ephambili ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4%. Ububanzi be-impeller yesigaba sokuqala bunokuncipha nangakumbi.
Intloko ephezulu ifezekiswa yi-75° impeller deflection angle, eyonyusa i-circumferential velocity component kwindawo yokuphuma kwaye ngaloo ndlela inika i-head ephezulu ngokwe-equation ka-Euler.
Xa kuthelekiswa nee-impellers ezikhawulezayo nezisebenza kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-impeller kuncitshiswa kancinci ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okuphezulu kwi-volute. Oku kunokubuyiselwa ngokusebenzisa inkumba ephakathi. Nangona kunjalo, nangona zingekho ezi volutes, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo okuya kuthi ga kwi-87% kunokufezekiswa kwinombolo ye-Mach eyi-1.0 kunye ne-flow coefficient eyi-0.24.
I-volute encinci ikuvumela ukuba uphephe ukungqubana nezinye ii-volute xa ububanzi begiya enkulu buncitshisiwe. Abaqhubi banokonga iindleko ngokutshintshela kwi-motor enezibonda ezi-6 ukuya kwi-motor enezibonda ezi-4 ekhawulezayo (1000 rpm ukuya kwi-1500 rpm) ngaphandle kokudlula isantya esiphezulu segiya esivumelekileyo. Ukongeza, inokunciphisa iindleko zezinto zokwakha iigiya ezijikelezayo nezinkulu.
Lilonke, i-compressor ephambili ingonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2% kwiindleko zemali, kwaye injini ingonga ne-2% kwiindleko zemali. Ngenxa yokuba ii-compact volutes zingasebenzi kakuhle, isigqibo sokuzisebenzisa sixhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto eziza kuqala kumthengi (ixabiso xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenza kakuhle) kwaye kufuneka sivavanywe ngokweprojekthi nganye.
Ukwandisa amandla okulawula, i-IGV ingafakwa phambi kwamanqanaba amaninzi. Oku kwahluke kakhulu kwiiprojekthi ze-IGC zangaphambili, ezaziquka ii-IGV kuphela ukuya kwisigaba sokuqala.
Kwimijikelo yangaphambili ye-IGC, i-vortex coefficient (oko kukuthi, i-engile ye-IGV yesibini eyahlulwe yi-engile ye-IGV1 yokuqala) yahlala ingaguquki nokuba ukuhamba kwayo bekuya phambili (i-engile > 0°, intloko enciphisiweyo) okanye i-vortex engasemva (i-engile < 0). °, uxinzelelo luyanda). Oku akunamsebenzi kuba uphawu lwe-engile luyatshintsha phakathi kwe-vortices ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.
Olu qwalaselo lutsha luvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe ii-vortex ratios ezimbini ezahlukeneyo xa umatshini ukwimo ye-vortex yangaphambili neyangasemva, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswa uluhlu lolawulo nge-4% ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kakuhle rhoqo.
Ngokufaka i-LS diffuser kwi-impeller esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-BACs, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanqanaba amaninzi kunokwandiswa ukuya kwi-89%. Oku, kunye nokunye ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle, kunciphisa inani lamanqanaba e-BAC ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesitimela ngokubanzi. Ukunciphisa inani lamanqanaba kususa imfuneko ye-intercooler, ipayipi yegesi ehambelanayo, kunye neenxalenye ze-rotor kunye ne-stator, nto leyo ekhokelela ekongeni iindleko ze-10%. Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa i-compressor yomoya ephambili kunye ne-compressor ye-booster kumatshini omnye.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kufuneka igiya ephakathi phakathi kweturbine yomphunga kunye ne-VAC. Ngoyilo olutsha lwe-IGC oluvela kwi-Siemens Energy, le giya ye-idler ingadibaniswa kwi-gearbox ngokongeza i-idler shaft phakathi kwe-pinion shaft kunye negiya enkulu (iigiya ezi-4). Oku kunokunciphisa iindleko zomgca zizonke (i-compressor ephambili kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4%.
Ukongeza, iigiya ezine-pinion ziyindlela engcono kunee-compact scroll motors zokutshintsha ukusuka kwii-6-pole ukuya kwii-4-pole motors kwii-air compressors ezinkulu (ukuba kukho ithuba lokungqubana kwevolute okanye ukuba isantya esiphezulu se-pinion esivumelekileyo siya kuncitshiswa). ) edlulileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuqheleke kakhulu nakwiimarike ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekususeni i-carbonization kwimizi-mveliso, kubandakanya iipompo zobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lomphunga, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-CO2 ekuphuhlisweni kokubanjwa, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni (CCUS).
I-Siemens Energy inembali ende yokuyila nokusebenzisa ii-IGC. Njengoko kuboniswe yimizamo yophando nophuhliso engentla (neminye), sizimisele ukuqhubeka sivelisa ezi matshini ezintsha ukuze sihlangabezane neemfuno zesicelo ezizodwa kwaye sihlangabezane neemfuno zemarike ezikhulayo ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqina. KT2